IPC, CrPC and Evidence Act to BNS, BNSS and BSA: which law applies
How the new criminal laws apply to offences and proceedings before and after 1 July 2024, with the key section changes.
Updated 31 Oct 2026 · General information, not legal advice for a particular case.
Use the free ipc to bns converter →The three new laws
From 1 July 2024 the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 replaced the Indian Penal Code, the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023 replaced the Code of Criminal Procedure, and the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023 replaced the Indian Evidence Act.
Offences before 1 July 2024
Section 358 of the BNS repeals the IPC but saves its operation for what was done before the repeal. An offence committed before 1 July 2024 is charged under the IPC section in force when it was committed, because no one can be punished under a law that did not exist at the time of the act (Article 20(1) of the Constitution).
Proceedings pending on 1 July 2024
Section 531(2)(a) of the BNSS provides that any appeal, application, trial, inquiry or investigation pending immediately before the BNSS came into force is to be disposed of under the CrPC. Proceedings started after that date follow the BNSS, even for older offences. Section 170 of the BSA contains the repeal and savings for the Evidence Act.
Sections advocates look up most
- IPC 302 (murder) → BNS 103(1); IPC 307 (attempt to murder) → BNS 109; IPC 420 (cheating) → BNS 318(4); IPC 498A (cruelty) → BNS 85.
- CrPC 438 (anticipatory bail) → BNSS 482; CrPC 439 → BNSS 483; CrPC 482 (inherent powers) → BNSS 528.
- Evidence Act 65B (electronic records) → BSA 63.
Frequently asked questions
- What is IPC 302 in BNS?
- Section 103(1) of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita.
- Which law applies to an offence committed in 2023 but registered in 2025?
- The offence is governed by the IPC; the investigation and trial, started after 1 July 2024, follow the BNSS.
- What replaced section 482 CrPC?
- Section 528 of the BNSS.